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Bursting Disks
There is only one answer to this question: Just ask us specifically for burst disks for your application and we will prepare a detailed short-term and comprehensive offer. Especially in the field of metal burst disks the price is highly dependent on the material used, the number of burst discs, the burst tolerance, and not least the type of burst disk (flat, vacuum-proof tensile load, reverse acting, …). Whether specific project or just budget plan – only with a concrete offer, you get a reliable statement.
The burst temperature of a rupture disc must be the operating temperature of a system is not always the same. This may for example due to the fact that between his process in the plant and the work site of the rupture disc is a certain distance, and therefore reaches a high temperature does not reach the rupture disk. Or the pressure increase in a facility, which subsequently leads to the burst of the disc is performed by a temperature increase by as a chemical reaction, etc..
Therefore it is important to know the design of a burst disk, temperature at which the rupture disk is present at this, as the temperature, especially for metal burst discs. At higher temperature (as design temperature of the burst disk) the burst disc responds at a lower pressure, and at a lower temperature vice versa accordingly.
The maximum working pressure is the pressure at which the burst disk used reaches the longest service life. It is calculated as the minimum burst pressure of the rupture disk multiplied by the employment relationship. If the maximum working pressure is exceeded frequently or permanently, the rupture disc undergoes an undefined pre-damage, which leads to premature rupture or bursting below the minimum burst pressure. Proper design and selection of the rupture disc to be used is therefore of enormous importance.
The working relation is expressed as a percentage and is calculated from the ratio of the minimum burst pressure to the working pressure. Depending on the burst disc type, it normally ranges between 50% and 90%, also see DIN EN ISO 4126-6.
The discharge cross section (AQA) is the free cross-sectional area (e.g. in a burst disc device) for the disposal of the medium. The required AQS is calculated depending on the type of the medium, pressure, temperature, and density for each application. It is important to know the type of flow (gaseous, liquid, two-phase) and the mass flow to be dissipated in kg/h. The nominal width used is calculated from it.
Static Mixers
Depending on customer specifications or design the metering in the mixer housing itself or elsewhere to be arranged in front of the mixer. Certain minimum clearances are maintained for a good mix.
No It is impossible to cover all applications with a static mixer. For different applications, different types of mixers are used to achieve a good mix. For selecting the right mixer type influences play the density, viscosity and flow rate as well as the type of mixed media play an important role. Nominal size, number of mixing elements, material to be used (chemical resistance, customer specs, …) and not least the nature of the connections shown for each application a unique and specially sized static mixers. One can speak of “prototypes in series.
Due to the size of the bubble in a liquid gas to be dissolved, the solubility of the Same is influenced. With decreasing bubble size the gas exchange surface increases, thereby solving the potential, a gas in a liquid, increases.
For the solution of gases in liquids, the term solubility a coefficient of the relative in diffusion equilibrium with the gas space dissolved in the liquid gas to the pressure of the gas indicates. There are:
- qualitative solubility (the substance in a particular solvent in a recognizable extent soluble?) and the
- quantitative solubility (which amount of substance can in a unit volume of a particular solvent are dissolved?).
The aim of STRIKO process engineering is therefore the dissolving gases in liquids (drinking water, carbonation of beverages of all kinds, etc.) by using appropriate mixing elements, the correct sizing of the mixing tube and the use of optimal dosing, the maximum solution of a gas in a to realize liquid. This is in addition to the bubble size, which should be in the micron range, and the parameters of pressure and temperature and also depends on the media itself.
The pressure loss through the wall friction and internal friction in static mixers, piping, fittings, valves, etc. resulting pressure difference between two defined points. In static mixers, these mixers points – input and output. In the art, for locally attached to a pipeline built elements (mixing elements, valves, diaphragms, etc.) is a resistance coefficient ζ, which table works can be removed.
The electricity generated by wall friction pressure loss is determined by the pipe friction coefficient λ. The friction factor is dependent on the Reynolds number in the case of a laminar flow. If the flow is turbulent, the roughness of the surface shoul dbe considered.
The equation for pressure losses in flow through pipes under the assumption of a constant density is:
This is the Bernoulli energy equation, where the term is not taken into account for the static head, because this is no pressure loss.
ρ Thickness in kg/m3
u medium flow rate in m/s
λ Friction factor
l Length of the pipeline in m
d Diameter of the pipeline in m
ζ resistance factor
The key task in the design of a static mixer is to find out how many mixed elements of a particular type must be arranged in series to achieve the desired mixing quality at an acceptable pressure drop. The mixing quality may vary from application to application. For simple mixing applications, where for example solve low water components as easily into one another, are often only a few elements sufficient to obtain a good homogeneity. In other cases 20 or more elements necessary to achieve an acceptable result.
Mathematically, the coefficient of variation of the quotient of the standard deviation of the chemical composition of samples from the mixing chamber, the arithmetic mean of the samples. With static mixers, the mixing chamber of the cross section of the mixer tube with an infinitesimal length. The value can thus be interpreted as a relative error of the desired composition over the mixer cross-section. In a mixing efficiency of 95%, – known as the stochastics – around 68% of all samples in a range of + / – (coefficient of variation = 0.05 often referred to as technical homogeneity) would be 5% of the nominal composition. Even 96% would be in the range + / – 10%. This has general validity for all normally distributed random experiments.
The mixing efficiency is a measure of the homogeneity or uniformity of a mixture and is calculated from basic statistical quantities. The most common measure is the coefficient of variation. The closer this value to 0, the more uniform the mixture. To illustrate, it is subtracted from 1 and expressed in%. Thus, mean 100% mixing efficiency (or coefficient of variation = 0) the best, but not practically achievable mixing state.
Heat Exchanger
- High thermal shock resistance
- Excellent thermal conductivity
- High mechanical compressive strength
- Operating temperatures of maximum 180°C up to 200 ° C, with PTFE impregnation up to 230°C.
These heat exchangers are used for aggressive media, because graphite has very high chemical resistance.
The thermal plates are available in two versions: as a simplex or duplex cushion profile. These options are delivered in almost every shape and size made of stainless steel, nickel and special alloys such as Hastelloy or titanium.
Due to the efficient heat transfer, the thermal plates are suitable for heating or cooling of containers or liquids (direct immersion).
- Immersion in liquid applications
- Coating of containers
- Thermal plates as containers
Basically, yes. However, this investment makes sense only for applications used for tempering of viscous media, for which plate heat exchangers, etc. are not suitable. Whether pharmaceutical, chemical or food industry – the design (removable or fixed integrated mixing elements) is always configured depending on the application.
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During tempering of viscous media, the product area tubes tend to cake. To minimize and prevent the so-called fouling and to improve the heat transfer, mixing elements are used.
Thus, the product which flows laminar is continuously shifted from the centre of the pipe to the pipe wall and vice versa. As a consequence, the time intervals between downtimes for cleaning the the product area tubes and the construction size / length of the heat exchanger can be reduced as compared with the heat exchangers with no mixing elements.
